Second and Third Year Courses

Externships offer second-year and third-year students the opportunity to gain legal experience and receive feedback on their work from seasoned professionals with guidance and support from a faculty member.  Externship students earn 6 academic credits and spend approximately 18 hours per week over the course of the semester at their placements, and also participate in a mandatory course, which runs contemporaneously.

Pre-requisites: All placements require the successful completion of all first-year courses, as well as good academic standing.  Some placements also require eligibility for certification as a student attorney or specific coursework.

Only students who have been selected for an externship may register for this course and students may only drop with approval from the Externship Program Director.

Offered: Every Year

The purpose of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive overview of the strategies and practical skills necessary to advocate effectively for public policy reform. Students will learn to think beyond litigation and other traditional legal strategies to solve problems and meet societal goals. Students will be required to identify and define a problem that speaks to a pressing systemic racial, economic, or social injustice in the community, which could be addressed through a change in law, regulation, ordinance, or other public policy.

Working individually and in small groups, students will learn and practice key skills to advocate for a policy solution. Students will gain an understanding of the varied strategies involved in developing and advancing a public policy reform as well as the particular skills and tactics required to engage in those strategies. Students will learn how to employ equity-based criteria for policy development, conduct a landscape analysis of decision-makers and influencers, determine a strategy for change, and implement the tactics necessary to carry out that strategy. Specific skills covered include “power mapping”; drafting legislative and/or regulatory proposals, policy papers and reports; locating, evaluating, and using social science research and data; lobbying elected officials; preparing and delivering written and oral testimony; working in coalitions; and developing an external communications plan and targeted messaging. Students will also explore how coalition building, grassroots organizing, and public policy advocacy are used to enhance more traditional legal strategies.

In addition to learning the strategies and skills to advance a policy change, students will gain an understanding of the broader context for influencing law and public policy and the possible roles lawyers can play in change efforts. The goal of the course is to help students become effective advocates and allies for social change as well as good lawyers.

Mediation Practicum provides students with the opportunity to learn and practice mediation skills. Mediation is an important form of dispute resolution in Maine and many other jurisdictions both in legal and non-legal disputes. In the Mediation Practicum, students learn basic skills of mediating and go to the courthouse to mediate Small Claims cases in Maine District Court (with supervision). In class meetings, students also analyze their mediation experiences and discuss best practices and ethical challenges for mediators.

Enrollment is limited to 6 students, selected by lottery.

Offered: Every Other Year

The Refugee and Human Rights Clinic provides an exciting opportunity for students to advocate on behalf of low-income immigrants in a broad range of cases and projects. Clients include, for example, asylum applicants who have fled human rights abuses in their home countries and are seeking refuge in the United States, immigrant survivors of domestic violence, immigrant victims of certain crimes, and abandoned or abused children seeking legal status in the United States. Under faculty supervision, student attorneys not only develop their substantive knowledge of immigration law and human rights laws and norms but they also build core legal skills relevant to the general practice of law. Students’ clinical work includes interviewing clients and witnesses and preparing their testimony, conducting factual and legal investigation and marshaling of evidence, analyzing and presenting human rights documentation, developing case strategies, writing legal briefs, appearing in administrative hearings, and participating in human rights advocacy projects. Along with regular work with the faculty supervisor on the cases, students also participate in a weekly one-hour seminar to discuss ongoing cases, ethical issues, lawyering skills, and substantive and practical aspects of immigration law.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive overview of the strategies and practical skills necessary to advocate effectively for public policy reform. Students will learn to think beyond litigation and other traditional legal strategies to solve problems and meet societal goals. Students will be required to identify and define a problem that speaks to a pressing systemic racial, economic, or social injustice in the community, which could be addressed through a change in law, regulation, ordinance, or other public policy. 

Working individually and in small groups, students will learn and practice key skills to advocate for a policy solution. Students will gain an understanding of the varied strategies involved in developing and advancing a public policy reform as well as the particular skills and tactics required to engage in those strategies. Students will learn how to employ equity-based criteria for policy development, conduct a landscape analysis of decision-makers and influencers, determine a strategy for change, and implement the tactics necessary to carry out that strategy. Specific skills covered include “power mapping”; drafting legislative and/or regulatory proposals, policy papers and reports; locating, evaluating, and using social science research and data; lobbying elected officials; preparing and delivering written and oral testimony; working in coalitions; and developing an external communications plan and targeted messaging. Students will also explore how coalition building, grassroots organizing, and public policy advocacy are used to enhance more traditional legal strategies.

In addition to learning the strategies and skills to advance a policy change, students will gain an understanding of the broader context for influencing law and public policy and the possible roles lawyers can play in change efforts. The goal of the course is to help students become effective advocates and allies for social change as well as good lawyers.

Offered: Occasionally

Using hypothetical situations based on actual situations, this course will offer students a hands-on journey through a variety of important commercial law transactions that are regularly encountered in today’s business world, including commercial financing arrangements, secured transactions, letters of credit, commercial guarantees, personal property sales and leases, and – time permitting – checks and electronic funds transfers, warehouse receipts, and bills of lading.  Students will gain experience in the various tasks that lawyers representing parties in these transactions typically undertake and in the preparation and negotiation of relevant commercial transaction documents. In addition, students will see firsthand how transactional lawyers can apply principles of commercial law to the process to make it more likely that their clients will realize their objectives in entering into the transaction.

This course will focus on federal bankruptcy law and practice. Coverage will include the study of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, as applied to business and consumer cases. The public policy issues implicated by the bankruptcy system will also be examined. A business bankruptcy case simulation will be used to teach the capstone module of the course.

This course will examine selected legal topics not addressed – or addressed only at an introductory level – in Business Associations regarding the formation, organization, operation, and capitalization of the principal forms of business associations used today, including partnerships, limited partnerships, limited liability companies, and for-profit business corporations. The content of the course may vary from year to year depending on the instructor and the matters previously covered in Business Associations. However, topics will likely include an examination of customary organizational, and related operational documents for the various forms of business enterprises; issues arising in connection with the issuance of stock, and other ownership interests, dividends and distributions; an enterprise’s redemption or repurchase of its shares or other ownership interests; valuation of a corporate or other business enterprise; the rights and remedies of preferred shareholders, bond holders and others who hold debt (convertible or other senior securities); mergers, acquisitions and other fundamental transactions; the securities regulation process and the exemptions therefrom; and the rights and liabilities of purchasers and sellers of securities.

This course provides an integrated examination of sales of goods and secured transactions as governed by Articles 2 and 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code and related bodies of law, including Articles 1, 2A, 3, 5 and 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code and the federal Bankruptcy Code. Commercial law in general – and sales of goods and secured transactions in particular – provide the legal foundation for our economic system, and virtually all lawyers (regardless of practice concentration, and including both litigators and transactional practitioners) will encounter these matters in their practices (both for themselves and on behalf of their clients).

Students taking the course will learn not only the substantive law upon which these transactions are based, but also the commercial and transactional context and vocabulary relevant to these transactions and the role that transactional lawyers play in planning and executing them. Stressing careful statutory analysis and problem solving, we will analyze issues that arise in these transactions from a multitude of perspectives, including those of the buyer, the seller, their creditors and third parties. Additionally, we will examine more modern concepts of contract formation in the age of electronic commerce. The format of this class will be problem and transactional based, providing a more hands-on and practical approach to applying the UCC provisions. Finally, we will consider the impact of bankruptcy on these transactions.

Economic development takes many forms in a wide range of settings.  This course focuses on the domestic policy and practice of development in disadvantaged urban and rural communities, with attention to enterprise organization, finance transactions, and creative use of the law.  We will work through a series of problems that require application of lawyering skills in simulated private sector transactions and in related public policy challenges.  This work implicates corporate law and alternative enterprise forms, as well as federal tax law such as New Markets Tax Credits, the Low Income Housing Credit, and charitable exemptions and constraints.

This course will cover issues related to employment from hiring to firing. It will provide an overview of the statutory, constitutional, and common law rules that regulate employment relationship. We will cover a variety of topics, focusing on the at-will employment doctrine, wrongful discharge, employment discrimination based on race, sex, age, religion, disability, harassment, retaliation, covenants not to compete, unemployment insurance, employee privacy, workplace freedom, wages and hours regulation, and some other topics. We will also spend significant time discussing issues that commonly arise in employment litigation and client counseling.

Information privacy is one of today’s critical legal subjects. The rapid pace of technology development has raised far-reaching questions about the future of privacy. The role of law is central to answering many of these questions. In the past few decades, many new laws have been passed, hundreds of cases have been decided, and fascinating new issues have arisen. This class is designed to provide you with an introduction to the study of information privacy law and to equip you with the broad issue-spotting and other practical skills needed to navigate the complex array of legal, business, and public policy issues in this area. Students in this class will be eligible to take the Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP) exam following completion of the course.

This course focuses on the essential role of insurance as an institution in the United States. Substantively, the course focuses on insurance contract interpretation, regulation, and various types of insurance including liability, health, life, and disability insurance. The course will deal with both theoretical issues involving the law and policy of insurance and with practical issues such as how to read insurance contracts. The role of insurance in litigation will receive particular emphasis.

This class examines an attorney’s role in internal and regulatory investigations which take place when an institution has engaged in, or is suspected of engaging in, wrongdoing or misconduct. In these investigations, attorneys must make a number of strategic decisions about how to conduct the investigation, how to fix any identified gaps in internal controls, whether individual employees require discipline, whether to draft a report of any findings and, ultimately, whether to cooperate with regulators. The execution of the internal investigation requires attorneys to have a variety of skills, including selecting and interviewing witnesses; gathering, reviewing and evaluating evidence; drafting reports and memoranda. Regulatory investigations also require lawyers to prepare witnesses for testimony and negotiate document requests and settlements with regulators. Using investigative reports, Department of Justice and SEC memoranda, and case law, this course is intended to develop those skills and explore the many difficult decisions attorneys must make in the course of these investigations, including conflicts with witnesses; whether and how to cooperate with regulators; attorney-client privilege and work product doctrine waiver issues; the potential collateral consequences to the institution’s business and reputation; and the collateral consequences of employee discipline, civil litigation and regulatory investigations.

This course provides a broad survey of the numerous issues arising from the rapid growth of the Internet and other online communications.  We will explore whether the application of existing legal rules to new technologies is appropriate or if completely novel approaches are necessary when dealing with problems that arise in cyberspace.  Topics to be examined include jurisdiction, the domain name system, regulation of online service providers and digital content creators, freedom of speech as well as privacy.

This course explores nonprofit corporations and related organizational forms of nonprofit enterprise. We examine state corporate law and federal tax law affecting the nonprofit sector, with attention to formation and dissolution, operation and governance, tax exemption, political and commercial activity, and regulatory constraints. We also compare nonprofit corporations with government, for-profit, and limited equity entities and identify public policy arguments for tax exemption and other differential treatment of nonprofit organizations. Class discussion is supplemented with selected problem sets and simulations in class, and students are required to produce several short writing projects during the semester.

This course examines the major issues of the substantive patent law of the United States. Topics include patentable subject matter, utility, novelty, statutory bars, priority of invention, non-obviousness, scope and content of the prior art, disclosure and enablement, reissue and reexamination, infringement, misuse, remedies, and the relationship between trade secret and patent law. The process for obtaining a patent from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will not be covered in depth, but there will be an introduction to this process.

Issues of risk management and compliance are attracting increasing focus and attention throughout society and legal practice.  Government regulation and regulatory oversight, industry-based codes of ethics, and standards of social responsibility and conduct all have been proliferating in recent years.  These developments raise many issues for lawyers.  This course will explore the law and practice relevant to these issues, principally from a transactional lawyer’s perspective.  After a general introduction to risk and risk management, we will address a number of specific topics such as the reputational, operational and enterprise implications of risk, the transactional lawyer’s role in helping clients develop and manage appropriate and effective risk management and compliance programs, the tools available to the transactional lawyer to identify and help manage risks in the client’s transactions and business operations, and the transactional lawyer as “whistle blower” or “gate keeper.”  Finally, we will examine the transactional lawyer’s own management of the risks she or he encounters in client representation (including the “bad actor” client, conflicts of interest, engagement letters and advance waivers, theories of attorney liability, transactional legal opinions, audit letter responses, and dealing with wayward partners and associates).  We will use actual case studies to supplement our discussions.

Taxation I is a basic federal income tax course dealing with taxation of the individual. It covers the questions of what income is, what expenses are deductible, when such income and deductions are realized or allowed, at what rates the income is taxed, and whether income can be assigned to another. Both policy and practical concerns will be discussed.

This course is designed for students who intend to practice tax law, whether in tax planning or in tax controversy work. The course will develop the student’s proficiency in conducting tax research, and will cover major aspects of federal tax practice and procedure that are of importance to tax counsel (i.e., from properly characterizing a transaction on a tax return to defending the transaction in an IRS audit and court). Topics include: Advising tax return positions and preparing returns; IRS audits; administrative resolution of tax disputes; tax litigation and settlement of tax cases; civil tax penalties and interest on underpayments and overpayments; administrative and judicial collection procedures; criminal tax investigation and prosecution; and special ethical issues in tax practice. Students will develop important practical lawyering skills by engaging in several research and drafting exercises, such as a tax opinion letter, a private letter ruling request, an IRS administrative appeals protest letter, a Tax Court petition, and an Offer-in-Compromise.

This course offers students an introduction to acquiring and protecting trademarks. Students learn how to counsel clients on what may serve as a proper trademark, how to register a mark with the state and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the nature of an infringement lawsuit, and defending trademarks against domain name “cybersquatters” in US courts and through international arbitration systems. This course is designed to give students a practical rather than theoretical view of trademark law and as such frequently incorporates local practitioners in delivering course materials and answering students’ questions.

“History and application of general workers’ compensation principals, relationship to personal injury negligence and strict liability law, and general common tort law. Compare and contrast alternative WC statutory schemes for indemnifying injured workers. Discuss public policy issues of maintaining WC remedies in light of employer cost containment and risk management, changing industrial landscape from manufacturing to service economy.

Course will focus primarily upon Professor Larson seminal treatises and materials. We will be cross-referencing Maine law to provide hands-on understanding of how to initiate and defend WC claim/case.”

This course focuses on the enforcement of federal constitutional rights against state officials under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The substantive topics we will cover include police misconduct claims under the Fourth Amendment and prisoner litigation under the Eighth Amendment. We will also address the major jurisdictional and procedural obstacles to relief, including the immunities of governments and their officers from suit. Students will gain a practical understanding of civil rights litigation strategies as well as have opportunities to develop lawyering skills through hands-on exercises.

This course will explore professional issues involved in representing elderly clients as well as key statutes and regulations of particular importance to seniors. Topics of study will include, among other things, ethical issues in representing elders; age discrimination; income maintenance and the social security system; access to health care and the role of Medicare and Medicaid; senior housing (including nursing home and assisted living issues); advance planning and guardianship; and elder abuse and neglect. Particular attention will be paid to the impact that cognitive and physical impairments can have on legal rights and the ability to exercise those rights.

The emphasis of this seminar will be on the body of federal law that defines the relationship between Native Americans and the federal and state governments.

The course examines the goals of the U.S. health care system, which is designed to provide high-quality, affordable, and accessible health care. We will explore the regulation of health care professionals and institutions. The course will also discuss the contract, tort, and administrative law issues that come up in cases of informed consent, liability, malpractice, and end-of-life care. The course will also examine legal efforts to make health care affordable and accessible. We will study the regulation of both public and private insurance systems and use basic insurance principles to explore this area of law. Health law is complex for many reasons, including because it involves the interactions of state and federal statutes (and regulations) with longstanding principles of contract and tort law. The intersections between state and federal statutes and policies are also challenging. The 2010 Affordable Care Act will of course be a focus of the course.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive overview of the strategies and practical skills necessary to advocate effectively for public policy reform. Students will learn to think beyond litigation and other traditional legal strategies to solve problems and meet societal goals. Students will be required to identify and define a problem that speaks to a pressing systemic racial, economic, or social injustice in the community, which could be addressed through a change in law, regulation, ordinance, or other public policy.

Working individually and in small groups, students will learn and practice key skills to advocate for a policy solution. Students will gain an understanding of the varied strategies involved in developing and advancing a public policy reform as well as the particular skills and tactics required to engage in those strategies. Students will learn how to employ equity-based criteria for policy development, conduct a landscape analysis of decision-makers and influencers, determine a strategy for change, and implement the tactics necessary to carry out that strategy. Specific skills covered include “power mapping”; drafting legislative and/or regulatory proposals, policy papers and reports; locating, evaluating, and using social science research and data; lobbying elected officials; preparing and delivering written and oral testimony; working in coalitions; and developing an external communications plan and targeted messaging. Students will also explore how coalition building, grassroots organizing, and public policy advocacy are used to enhance more traditional legal strategies.

In addition to learning the strategies and skills to advance a policy change, students will gain an understanding of the broader context for influencing law and public policy and the possible roles lawyers can play in change efforts. The goal of the course is to help students become effective advocates and allies for social change as well as good lawyers.

Juvenile Law is a non-traditional course blending lecture and discussion with a significant skills component. This course will examine the procedural and substantive parameters on juvenile courts and the court’s authority to intervene in children’s lives. We will analyze issues in juvenile justice in the broader context of youth policy, developmental psychology, and the legal status of children.

Although barely touched upon in many law school courses, states and local governments play an important role in our everyday lives. They enjoy substantial law-making power; are responsible for financing and providing many public goods and services; and are the location of a great deal of political participation. This course will examine the theory behind and sources of local government power as well as the advantages and disadvantages of decentralized decision-making. Specific topics include: voting rights, local government formation and boundary change, state-local relations and local home rule, interlocal conflicts, school finance reform, and regional governance.

Constitutional law in the U.S. (based on both the federal and state constitutions) has played active roles in framing issues related to race, gender, and sexual orientation and legal equality in the last sixty years. The course will examine cultural ideas and constitutional theories that relate to civil rights litigation of various types related to these categories. The course will also analyze critiques of those ideas and theories, and consider alternative viewpoints.

This course explores various aspects of election law by focusing on judicial and legislative regulation of the political and electoral process. We will examine constitutional and statutory law of voting rights in the United States and ways in which the law has shaped the structure of American political participation. We will begin with an overview of the restrictions on the right to vote, ranging from residency requirements to discrimination on the basis of sex and race to the recently enacted Voter ID laws. We will also cover the major Supreme Court cases on topics like reapportionment/redistricting, ballot access, regulation of political parties, campaign finance, popular democracy, judicial elections, term limits, and election administration (and the legacy of the *Bush v. Gore* litigation).

This course is designed for students with a strong interest in pursuing a career in criminal law.  Each week students examine one area of criminal law, for example: the intersection of technology and privacy; the supposed militarization of the civilian police force; the prevalence of “junk” science in criminal cases; capital punishment; the legalization, prosecution, and sentencing of drug crimes, etc.  Throughout the term, students will have several opportunities to draft the sorts of legal documents and pleadings that criminal lawyers typically file.  The overall course goal is to encourage future prosecutors and defense attorneys to think critically about the issues they will encounter in practice and to provide a forum for a lively discussion of hopefully diverse viewpoints.

This course will focus on the investigative phase of criminal proceedings. We will examine the law that governs police conduct, including search and seizure, arrest, and interrogation of suspects. The class will emphasize the interplay between abstract constitutional principles as interpreted by the courts and law enforcement on the street.

Juvenile Law is a non-traditional course blending lecture and discussion with a significant skills component. This course will examine the procedural and substantive parameters on juvenile courts and the court’s authority to intervene in children’s lives. We will analyze issues in juvenile justice in the broader context of youth policy, developmental psychology, and the legal status of children.

Animal Law is a rapidly developing area of law and one which demonstrates the challenges of regulating and mediating the complex and sometimes mystifying relationship between humans and nonhuman animals. Tasked with questions such as whether depictions of animal cruelty are protected by free speech; how to regulate massive factory farms; why the Animal Welfare Act exempts so many laboratory animals used in experiments; whether it is proper to bait black bears with buckets of human treats; how to deal with wild horses or your neighbor’s bees; or whether dogs and cats may inherit millions of dollars, Animal Law attempts to balance interests and find workable solutions to problems that range from neighbor disputes and veterinary care to some of the most critical problems facing our species, such as stewardship of our planet, food insecurity, and the moral question of who can be a rights-holder. This course will cover selected topics in the field, including recent thinking about animal intelligence, using animals for research, food, and entertainment, animal activism, and animals as companions.

In Climate Change, we are confronted with the defining policy challenge of our generation. Every institution of power, whether it be a national government or a corporate board of directors, must decide how to respond to it. The aim of this course is to inform the leaders who will guide those climate change policy decisions. We will build from an understanding of the fundamental facts of climate change, and its potentially devastating impacts, to the study of the tools available to governmental and non-governmental actors for climate mitigation and adaptation. The course will focus on not only the legal mechanisms targeted at climate change (laws, regulations, litigation), but also on the perhaps equally important measures taken by corporations and other private actors. We will discuss what can, what will, and what should be done.

This course examines the social and environmental obligations, if any, imposed on corporations beyond pure profit maximization.  Milton Friedman famously wrote that “the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits,” and, indeed, a course in the law of business associations likely reinforces the commitment to profit-maximization as a legal obligation as well.  However, as evidenced by the development of new corporate forms (such as the “benefit corporation”) and the policies of Fortune 500 companies, the recent trend has been towards a recognition a broader corporate purpose in law and practice.

This course will examine corporate social responsibility, with a particular focus on sustainability and the environment.  The course begins with the question of whether such a responsibility exists, drawing on potential legal, ethical, and societal sources.  We will then turn to how corporations can meet their environmental obligations, or fail to, under existing law.  Looking at what has already been done by some of the “best” actors, we will ultimately aim to determine the proper role for corporate governance in the pursuit of a healthier climate system and planet as a whole.

The course will introduce students to the broad and deep field of Environmental Law. Environmental Law is practiced at the local, statewide, national, and (increasingly) international level. It contains elements of energy law, natural resources law, and land use law. It also crosses disciplinary lines with science and engineering, business and finance, and public policy. The course will introduce students to five of the major federal environmental statutes and regulations and the case law that interprets them. The five statutes are the Clean Air Act; the Clean Water Act; the National Environmental Policy Act; the Endangered Species Act; and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (a/k/a as the Superfund Law). In addition, we will briefly introduce students to several other of the three dozen or more extensive federal statutes addressing environmental issues.

A seminar providing law students the opportunity to teach a formal course in Environmental Law to undergraduate nonlaw students. Enrollment initially limited to two University of Maine School of Law students for the 2022-2023 academic year. The Maine Law student teachers will be conjoined for the 2022-23 academic year with 10 law student teachers from Boston College, Boston University, and Harvard Law Schools in the BCLS4450-01 Law-Teaching Program Seminar. The intention is to have the program seminar continue thereafter based at the University of Maine School of Law. Under the professor’s direction, two-person teams of law students are trained for the teaching program during the Fall semester in six extensive working sessions plus simulation exercises. They then teach, with faculty status, a Spring semester course in the structures and doctrines of environmental protection law, within an undergraduate curriculum. The initial year’s undergraduate teaching placement for the Maine Law teachers will be within the curriculum of the Center for Sustainable Leadership at St. Joseph’s College of Maine, Standish, Maine. In the program, each team-teaching pair is assigned an enrolled course section comprising fifteen to thirty-five undergraduate students registered for the course, from a variety of undergraduate departments. A weekly law school seminar in the Spring semester coordinates the course preparation, the classroom teaching, and the processes of evaluating their students’ work and assigning grades.

This seminar explores claims to the seas as asserted by states and other actors. The theme is how such claims are shaping, and will shape, the contemporary world public order of the oceans. The seminar covers principally three categories of ocean claims: (1) Claims related to maritime navigation posed by state and non-state actors; (2) Claims related to maritime sovereignty and boundaries; (3) Claims to assert jurisdiction over maritime zones under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Within these categories the following topics will be covered: the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), marine wildlife, maritime ports, baseline determination, maritime zones, the arctic, shipping, international straits, the regime of islands, piracy and counter-piracy, the Gulf of Maine, and the South China Sea. Our shipping law meeting will be held at Eimskip, the Icelandic shipping firm operating from the Portland container port. During several sessions we will interact via teleconference with a Maritime Law Class in Hong Kong.

This course examines the world public order of the oceans from the classical origins of the law of the sea to the post-September 11, 2001 security environment. It will appraise contemporary oceans law and policy including the goals and common interests of the world community and the United States including Maine. A framework for analysis of contemporary oceans law problems and claims will be considered before proceeding to a detailed appraisal of specialized topics. Subjects covered include sources of oceans law, United States oceans policy, the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea and the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, maritime navigation, maritime zones, coastal law and policy, land-locked and geographically disadvantaged states, fisheries, straddling stocks and highly migratory species, weapons testing, the continental margin, protection of the marine environment, marine scientific research, maritime boundary delimitation, deep seabed mining, national security and international incidents, polar and exploration claims, settlement of disputes, and the future of oceans policy.

The course is an examination of problems arising in the inter vivos and testamentary disposition of estates, including the tax problems of such disposition, the use of the trust and other methods for disposition of estates, and problems of drafting. The course emphasizes a problem oriented approach.

Juvenile Law is a non-traditional course blending lecture and discussion with a significant skills component. This course will examine the procedural and substantive parameters on juvenile courts and the court’s authority to intervene in children’s lives. We will analyze issues in juvenile justice in the broader context of youth policy, developmental psychology, and the legal status of children.

This course examines the law of gratuitous transfers and decedents’ estates. Topics to be considered are intestate succession, wills, trusts, and problems of construction. Special attention is given to the Uniform Probate Code.

Cannabis Law & Policy covers a spectrum of legal considerations that affect cannabis businesses and the policy driving the legal status of cannabis. It includes the policy reasons behind federal illegality and states’ growing acceptance of cannabis; constitutional considerations around federal law and state laws; the federal, state, and local legal issues that cannabis businesses must consider; and the lawyer’s ethical considerations in assisting cannabis businesses.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive overview of the strategies and practical skills necessary to advocate effectively for public policy reform. Students will learn to think beyond litigation and other traditional legal strategies to solve problems and meet societal goals. Students will be required to identify and define a problem that speaks to a pressing systemic racial, economic, or social injustice in the community, which could be addressed through a change in law, regulation, ordinance, or other public policy.

Working individually and in small groups, students will learn and practice key skills to advocate for a policy solution. Students will gain an understanding of the varied strategies involved in developing and advancing a public policy reform as well as the particular skills and tactics required to engage in those strategies. Students will learn how to employ equity-based criteria for policy development, conduct a landscape analysis of decision-makers and influencers, determine a strategy for change, and implement the tactics necessary to carry out that strategy. Specific skills covered include “power mapping”; drafting legislative and/or regulatory proposals, policy papers and reports; locating, evaluating, and using social science research and data; lobbying elected officials; preparing and delivering written and oral testimony; working in coalitions; and developing an external communications plan and targeted messaging. Students will also explore how coalition building, grassroots organizing, and public policy advocacy are used to enhance more traditional legal strategies.

In addition to learning the strategies and skills to advance a policy change, students will gain an understanding of the broader context for influencing law and public policy and the possible roles lawyers can play in change efforts. The goal of the course is to help students become effective advocates and allies for social change as well as good lawyers.”

This course examines how land use is regulated and controlled. It begins by discussing why and when government regulation, rather than private market ordering, might be necessary to control land use and development patterns. It considers different regulatory and market-based tools that are available to control land use, including flexibility devices such as transferable development rights, contract zoning, and planned unit development. It then explores land use from the perspective of a project proponent, or developer. It examines the rights that an owner of land has if a particular land use regulation is inefficient, unfairly burdensome, unfairly disruptive of the owner’s settled expectations, or an infringement upon the owner’s civil liberties. The course then looks at land use issues from the other side, examining the rights of those who oppose the landowner’s plans (these project opponents are often neighbors). Finally, the course focuses on particular problems that plague the land use regulatory system, such as exclusionary zoning, the equitable distribution of undesirable land uses, sprawl, and smart growth.

This course explores nonprofit corporations and related organizational forms of nonprofit enterprise. We examine state corporate law and federal tax law affecting the nonprofit sector, with attention to formation and dissolution, operation and governance, tax exemption, political and commercial activity, and regulatory constraints. We also compare nonprofit corporations with government, for-profit, and limited equity entities and identify public policy arguments for tax exemption and other differential treatment of nonprofit organizations. Class discussion is supplemented with selected problem sets and simulations in class, and students are required to produce several short writing projects during the semester.

This course will provide law students with an introductory overview of research law and regulations including such topics as: clinical trials, animal and human subject research, researcher misconduct, conflicts of interest, data management, privacy law, export controls, field study permitting and foreign influence in research. The course will introduce the students to relevant federal law, regulations and case law. Students will gain a basic understanding of how funded research is developed and conducted at most institutions in the United States along with some exposure to international research. The individual classes will include reviewing relevant case studies and interactive exercises such as roleplaying. This will be supplemented by classroom lectures, both by the instructor and an occasional guest speaker, such as an attorney practicing in the field.

Finally, the students will be introduced to specific resources, certifications and organizations, providing them with the necessary tools to pursue an alternative legal career in a rapidly growing field. The USM Office of Research Integrity and Outreach (ORIO) works with the Law School’s Career Services to house multiple law interns. Several previous interns have gained employment in this field of law after graduation. In the last decade multiple Maine Law graduates have gone on to careers in research law and compliance.

The course examines the goals of the U.S. health care system, which is designed to provide high-quality, affordable, and accessible health care. We will explore the regulation of health care professionals and institutions. The course will also discuss the contract, tort, and administrative law issues that come up in cases of informed consent, liability, malpractice, and end-of-life care. The course will also examine legal efforts to make health care affordable and accessible. We will study the regulation of both public and private insurance systems and use basic insurance principles to explore this area of law. Health law is complex for many reasons, including because it involves the interactions of state and federal statutes (and regulations) with longstanding principles of contract and tort law. The intersections between state and federal statutes and policies are also challenging. The 2010 Affordable Care Act will of course be a focus of the course.

The course examines the principles used by the courts in choosing the law applicable to events and transactions having contacts with more than one jurisdiction. It also examines the reach of a jurisdiction’s domestic law, rules for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, and limits on jurisdiction to adjudicate in both interstate and international settings. Methods of harmonizing differing rules and policies in multi-jurisdictional transactions are considered.

This course surveys the legal, historical, and political considerations that shape U.S. immigration law. The course will review the constitutional basis for regulating immigration into the United States, and, to some extent, the constitutional rights of non-citizens in the country; the contours of the immigration bureaucracy, including the roles played by various federal agencies in immigration decisions; the admission of non-immigrants (i.e., temporary visitors) and immigrants into the U.S.; the deportation and exclusion of non-immigrants and immigrants; refugee and asylum law; administrative and judicial review; citizenship and naturalization; undocumented migration; and comprehensive immigration reform.

This is a foundation course in public international law that is primarily, though not exclusively, concerned with legal relations among states and public entities in the global system. The course explores the dynamics by which international law is made and applied by appraising trends and outcomes in international decision bearing on problems of world public order. The goal is to equip students to understand why past decisions were made, to devise methods for predicting future decisions, to develop methods for inventing decision alternatives both at the structural or constitutive level, and to identify the conceptions and skills necessary for influencing future decisions in the range of arenas in which international law is made and applied: parliamentary, diplomatic, judicial, and arbitral in national and international settings. Topics covered include: origins of international law, sources of international law, establishment and transformation of states and other actors, state recognition, diplomatic protection, jurisdiction, international courts and tribunals, international organizations, international human rights, resort to and use of force, nation-building, the regulation of international agreements, sovereign immunity, and enforcement of foreign judgments.

This course provides an introduction to cybersecurity law, with a focus on the nuts and bolts of how
lawyers assist organizations with managing cybersecurity risk, including regulatory compliance and
response to data security incidents. It is designed to help students develop the research, analytical
and practical skills necessary to deal with the technical and legal issues that may arise in connection
with a data security incident, including data breach notification, regulatory investigations and
enforcement, and litigation.

This course will use real world case studies, including a ransomware attack and the exfiltration of
sensitive data from an organization involving exploitation of a network vulnerability, to illustrate and
to teach some of the key technology fundamentals that lawyers need to understand to be able to work
effectively with technical experts to assess the legal implications arising from cybersecurity
incidents.

Because of the multidisciplinary nature of practice in the cybersecurity law area, the course will
incorporate certain technical, business, and public policy content which will be drawn from my
consultation and collaboration with selected faculty in several other schools and programs at the
University of Maine. The course content also will be supplemented by several guest lectures from
faculty in the Cybersecurity Program at UMA and the School of Computing and Information Science
at UMO.

This course is designed to cover the “how” of being a privacy lawyer, including the ethics challenges confronted by in-house privacy counsel serving roles like Chief Privacy Officer and Data Protection Officer. Students will develop practical skills using real world problems in the information privacy and cybersecurity areas. Pragmatic guidance will be provided from experienced in-house and outside privacy counsel. Students will assume the roles of lawyers to perform tasks in hypothetical situations. The goal is to give students the chance to integrate legal theory, practical skills and ethics while engaging in a number of professional skills in a classroom setting.

Case studies will be drawn from various real world examples such as: Cambridge Analytica/Facebook, Equifax data breach and compliance with GDPR to form the basis for a number of different exercises. The exercises will focus on key areas of privacy and cybersecurity legal practice. By way of example, such exercises might focus on the following topics:

Privacy impact assessments — providing advice with respect to when and how to use them, how to go about completing them, tools available for completing assessments and how to utilize the results of the assessment, including action steps to take based on the assessment.

Commercial transactions between parties involving the transfer and handling of personal information — drafting and negotiating contract provisions (from the perspective of both parties) that address privacy and data security concerns (e.g. Data processing agreements) and the related regulatory and other risks associated with handling personal information.

Data breach notification — providing end to end advice to a business that is the victim of a data breach, beginning with the initial notification of the security incident, working with the IT and forensics teams to figure out what happened and how to contain the incident, determining whether there are any breach notification obligations, crafting the breach notification letter, responding to regulatory inquiries and enforcement actions, crafting notice of claim to insurance carriers of third party providers that may be at fault, pursuing insurance claims, defending and bringing litigations, and negotiating resolution of such claims and disputes.

This course provides a broad survey of the numerous issues arising from the rapid growth of the Internet and other online communications.  We will explore whether the application of existing legal rules to new technologies is appropriate or if completely novel approaches are necessary when dealing with problems that arise in cyberspace.  Topics to be examined include jurisdiction, the domain name system, regulation of online service providers and digital content creators, freedom of speech as well as privacy.

The unique challenges associated with regulating speech platforms online deserves more attention. This course will focus on US law and speech online, the jurisdictional issues arising from the internet’s global structure, the ramifications of democratic culture on the internet and the seismic shift in how society communicates ideas, and the First Amendment’s role in contributing to the diversity of all we see and do online today.

The class will be organized into five sections:

Limits on Governmental Regulation of Social Media (e.g., Reno case, NetChoice cases, Thomas concurrence in Knight Institute, Google v. AG Hood cases; Equustek case, Ford trade secret case);

Is the Internet actually a “place”, and how law should apply “there” (e.g., Marsh case, Prager U. v. YouTube case, Halleck case, Internet Brand/Model Mayhem case, Snap’s Speedfilter case, Baidu case, McManus case, Oberdorf Dog Leash case)

Responsibilities of Speakers Online (e.g., O’Kroley case, Stayart case, e-Ventures case, MLB case, Tabari case)

Regulating Hate Speech (e.g., Brandenburg case, Black anti-cross burning case, Revenge Porn case, Packingham sex offender case, Facebook Oversight Board and private regulation)

Recent developments in the Rest of the World (e.g., NetzDG in Germany, Digital Services Act)

This course examines the control of private economic power through government enforcement and private damage suits under the Sherman and Clayton Acts. The topics considered include legal and economic concepts of monopoly power and monopolization; collaboration among competitors to restrain trade by fixing prices, allocating markets or customers, or by other conduct with the same effects; vertical relationships among firms at different levels of production that operate to restrain trade; and horizontal, vertical and conglomerate mergers.

This course focuses on the enforcement of federal constitutional rights against state officials under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The substantive topics we will cover include police misconduct claims under the Fourth Amendment and prisoner litigation under the Eighth Amendment. We will also address the major jurisdictional and procedural obstacles to relief, including the immunities of governments and their officers from suit. Students will gain a practical understanding of civil rights litigation strategies as well as have opportunities to develop lawyering skills through hands-on exercises.

This course will cover issues related to employment from hiring to firing. It will provide an overview of the statutory, constitutional, and common law rules that regulate employment relationship. We will cover a variety of topics, focusing on the at-will employment doctrine, wrongful discharge, employment discrimination based on race, sex, age, religion, disability, harassment, retaliation, covenants not to compete, unemployment insurance, employee privacy, workplace freedom, wages and hours regulation, and some other topics. We will also spend significant time discussing issues that commonly arise in employment litigation and client counseling.

This course provides: (1) an orientation to the key rules, concepts, and controversies concerning the presentation and admission of evidence in criminal and civil trials; and (2) an introduction to the specific skills used by attorneys in litigation as proponents and opponents of evidence. Specifically, we will examine: the overall structure of trials; how evidentiary disputes are raised and resolved; the examination and impeachment of witnesses; relevance; character evidence; hearsay; and opinion testimony. The goal is to gain a solid grounding in the key rules, concepts, and controversies to enable you to use the rules strategically and effectively in your own cases (whether in Trial Practice, a clinical or externship course, or your practice), to critically evaluate the evidence rules and their application, and to understand how the rules operate in conjunction with substantive law (i.e. criminal law, tort law, etc.). Accordingly, we will study not only the rules’ explicit requirements and prohibitions but also the policy goals and assumptions underlying the rules. The Federal Rules of Evidence will be our primary focus for the course; however, you are also responsible for learning some important distinctions between the Federal and Maine Rules of Evidence.

This course focuses on the essential role of insurance as an institution in the United States. Substantively, the course focuses on insurance contract interpretation, regulation, and various types of insurance including liability, health, life, and disability insurance. The course will deal with both theoretical issues involving the law and policy of insurance and with practical issues such as how to read insurance contracts. The role of insurance in litigation will receive particular emphasis.

This course is offered to students who have completed Legal Research and Writing I and II (or the equivalent for transfer students) and who are selected through an open competition at the beginning of each fall semester. During the spring semester, selected students participate in an extramural moot court competition against teams from other law schools by writing an appellate brief and orally arguing both sides of it at the competition. Students may compete during their 2L or 3L year, or both.

The course will expose students to pre-trial practice and procedure through materials and exercises fashioned to familiarize them with civil proceedings’ procedural landscape, including, but not limited to drafting and responding to initial pleading interlocutory, and dispositive motions. In addition, students will learn effective use of available discovery devices and other important aspects of the pre-trial process.

The study of judicial remedies focuses on the legal, equitable and restitutionary relief available for breach of contract, breach of duty in tort, violation of statute, unjust enrichment and other causes of action, as well as on the limits of such relief. The approach of this course combines the theoretical with the practical in exploring the social values that inform remedial principles as well as the nuts and bolts of remedies practice in federal and state court.

Trial Evidence and Advocacy is a 6-credit, integrated course that will both teach students the Federal and Maine Rules of Evidence and how to apply them in practical, experiential exercises based upon simulated adjudicatory proceedings. The combination of subjects will enable students to immediately put into practice the concepts they are learning, and to better remember the rules of evidence and advocacy principles. Because 65-70% of adjudication actually occurs in an administrative setting, rather than a courtroom, and people are ten times more likely to be tried by an agency than by a court, this course will train students to be effective advocates in whatever forum their future clients find themselves. Thus, students will learn the basic skills that are necessary to be an effective advocate whether involved in a jury or non-jury trial, or in an adjudicatory hearing before an agency or board.

Students will learn how to develop both a “theme” and “theory” for their client, and learn to how to make proper opening and closing statements, conduct direct and cross-examinations of witnesses, and how to properly present and object to evidence, including expert testimony. Faculty will utilize simulations, role-playing, demonstrations, and individual evaluation and feedback. At the end of the semester, students will try both a Bench Trial and a Jury Trial, which serve to bring together all the elements of a trial in simulated settings.

This class is designed to help you develop (1) a working knowledge of the FRE and MRE; (2) an ability to quickly and accurately solve evidentiary problems; (3) knowledge and understanding of key cases that discuss and analyze the FRE; (4) an understanding of the theory, purpose, goals, and implications of the FRE and MRE; and (5) the ability to both prepare and present persuasive, focused and compelling oral and written communication of your issues, regardless of whether you are representing the moving party or defendant, and regardless of whether your audience is a trial judge, jury, administrative law judge, or other tribunal.

This course offers the opportunity to develop the basic skills necessary to conduct a trial, including developing a case theory and theme, opening statements, direct and cross-examinations of witnesses, use of exhibits, evidentiary objections, and closing arguments. The study of trial techniques is primarily through use of simulations, role-playing, demonstrations, and individual evaluation and feedback.

Externships offer second-year and third-year students the opportunity to gain legal experience and receive feedback on their work from seasoned professionals with guidance and support from a faculty member. Externship students earn 6 academic credits, spend approximately 18 hours per week over the course of the semester at their placements, and also participate in a mandatory course, which runs contemporaneously.

Prerequisites: All placements require the successful completion of all first-year courses as well as good academic standing. Some placements also require eligibility for certification as a student attorney or specific coursework.

Upper-class students may form a group under the guidance of a professor for the purpose of studying an area of the law that is not the subject of a currently-offered course. Group studies may not be composed of fewer than four or more than fourteen students. Such groups must be approved by the Curriculum Committee at least four weeks prior to the beginning of the semester. The members of the group must conduct weekly meetings and each member must submit an individual paper at the end of the semester.

The Independent Writing course is an independent study course where students, in consultation with a faculty adviser, complete a major research paper. Successful completion of the Independent Writing course satisfies the Upper Level Writing requirement, which is a requirement for graduation.

This course will assist students in reinforcing fundamental skills in legal analysis and legal writing. Using the law from various substantive areas, students will complete a series of in-class and take-home writing exercises throughout the semester. In addition, students will meet individually with the professor to discuss assignments, assess their strengths and weaknesses, and develop strategies for enhancing their lawyering skills.

The Ocean and Coastal Law Journal (OCLJ) is dedicated to facilitating discourse on legal issues related to domestic and international use of the sea and seashores. OCLJ provides two years of research, writing, and editing experience to its student editors, who are required to produce a comment or two case notes of publishable quality on an ocean or coastal issue during their second year. In addition to fulfilling their writing requirement, student editors become familiar with current issues in the field of ocean and coastal law while carefully editing works accepted for publication. Generally, OCLJ will select ten (10) rising second year students to join the Journal each year. Five (5) of these positions are awarded based on first-year academic performance alone, while the other five (5) are selected based on the write-on competition held each summer after the end of students’ first year.

The course is an examination of problems arising in the inter vivos and testamentary disposition of estates, including the tax problems of such disposition, the use of the trust and other methods for disposition of estates, and problems of drafting. The course emphasizes a problem oriented approach. Trusts and Estates (LAW 695), Estate and Gift Taxation (LAW 678), and Taxation I (LAW 649) are prerequisites, except by permission of the instructor.

Taxation I is a basic federal income tax course dealing with taxation of the individual. It covers the questions of what income is, what expenses are deductible, when such income and deductions are realized or allowed, at what rates the income is taxed, and whether income can be assigned to another. Both policy and practical concerns will be discussed.

This course is designed for students who intend to practice tax law, whether in tax planning or in tax controversy work. The course will develop the student’s proficiency in conducting tax research, and will cover major aspects of federal tax practice and procedure that are of importance to tax counsel (i.e., from properly characterizing a transaction on a tax return to defending the transaction in an IRS audit and court). Topics include: Advising tax return positions and preparing returns; IRS audits; administrative resolution of tax disputes; tax litigation and settlement of tax cases; civil tax penalties and interest on underpayments and overpayments; administrative and judicial collection procedures; criminal tax investigation and prosecution; and special ethical issues in tax practice. Students will develop important practical lawyering skills by engaging in several research and drafting exercises, such as a tax opinion letter, a private letter ruling request, an IRS administrative appeals protest letter, a Tax Court petition, and an Offer-in-Compromise.